An Interesting Case of Choriocarcinoma: Early Diagnosis & Timely Treatment

An Interesting Case of Choriocarcinoma: Early Diagnosis & Timely Treatment

Doctor Dr. Hema Jajoo
Clinic / Hospital Matricare Clinic
Patient Age 33
Gender Female

Patient's Initial Condition

Symptoms / Health Concerns

Persistent bleeding per vaginum following medical termination of an unintended pregnancy; intrauterine mass with progressively rising beta-hCG.

Duration of Symptoms

Approximately 2 months

Previous Treatments

Patient had taken medical termination pills at approximately 6 weeks of pregnancy without prior ultrasound. She initially received treatment in her village after persistent bleeding.

Diagnosis

Final Diagnosis

Choriocarcinoma (Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia) with metastatic involvement of the lungs, liver, vagina and peritoneal cavity; classified as Stage II, high-risk GTN based on the reported staging and prognostic assessment.

Tests / Scans / Investigations

Ultrasound, serial serum beta-hCG, diagnostic hysteroscopy, biopsy with histopathology, MRI of abdomen and pelvis, and chest imaging. Initial ultrasound showed a 7 cm intrauterine mass with beta-hCG 10,678 mIU/mL; repeat evaluation showed approximately 9 cm mass and beta-hCG 72,680 mIU/mL.

Treatment Details

Diagnostic hysteroscopy with removal of approximately 25 g of abnormal intrauterine tissue and biopsy. Following confirmation of choriocarcinoma and staging, the patient was referred to a medical oncologist and started on systemic treatment.

Duration: Ongoing; patient is currently undergoing oncology treatment with close follow-up.

Advanced Techniques Used

Diagnostic hysteroscopy, hysteroscopic tissue sampling, histopathological examination, MRI-based staging, chest imaging and serial quantitative beta-hCG monitoring.

Results & Recovery

Patient Improvements

The underlying cause of persistent bleeding was identified and choriocarcinoma was confirmed. Metastatic disease was detected through staging investigations, allowing prompt referral to oncology and initiation of treatment. The patient remains under close follow-up with serial serum beta-hCG and imaging to monitor treatment response.

Final Outcome

Choriocarcinoma confirmed with metastatic disease. Patient has been referred to a medical oncologist and started treatment.

Returned to Normal Activities: Yes

Case Highlights

What Makes This Case Unique

Persistent bleeding following medical termination of pregnancy, with progressively increasing uterine mass and beta-hCG levels, ultimately diagnosed as choriocarcinoma with metastatic disease.

Complex / Rare Factors

Choriocarcinoma with metastatic involvement of the lungs, liver, vagina, and peritoneal cavity

Most Significant Benefit

Timely hysteroscopy, biopsy, diagnosis, staging, and referral to a medical oncology team enabled appropriate treatment to be initiated.

Conclusion

This case highlights the importance of evaluating persistent bleeding after medical termination of pregnancy. Ultrasound, quantitative beta-hCG testing, appropriate follow-up, and timely biopsy can help identify serious conditions such as choriocarcinoma. The patient has been referred to a medical oncologist and is receiving treatment with close imaging and serum beta-hCG follow-up.